1,064 research outputs found
A BP-MF-EP Based Iterative Receiver for Joint Phase Noise Estimation, Equalization and Decoding
In this work, with combined belief propagation (BP), mean field (MF) and
expectation propagation (EP), an iterative receiver is designed for joint phase
noise (PN) estimation, equalization and decoding in a coded communication
system. The presence of the PN results in a nonlinear observation model.
Conventionally, the nonlinear model is directly linearized by using the
first-order Taylor approximation, e.g., in the state-of-the-art soft-input
extended Kalman smoothing approach (soft-in EKS). In this work, MF is used to
handle the factor due to the nonlinear model, and a second-order Taylor
approximation is used to achieve Gaussian approximation to the MF messages,
which is crucial to the low-complexity implementation of the receiver with BP
and EP. It turns out that our approximation is more effective than the direct
linearization in the soft-in EKS with similar complexity, leading to
significant performance improvement as demonstrated by simulation results.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, Resubmitted to IEEE Signal Processing Letter
Turbo-Equalization Using Partial Gaussian Approximation
This paper deals with turbo-equalization for coded data transmission over
intersymbol interference (ISI) channels. We propose a message-passing algorithm
that uses the expectation-propagation rule to convert messages passed from the
demodulator-decoder to the equalizer and computes messages returned by the
equalizer by using a partial Gaussian approximation (PGA). Results from Monte
Carlo simulations show that this approach leads to a significant performance
improvement compared to state-of-the-art turbo-equalizers and allows for
trading performance with complexity. We exploit the specific structure of the
ISI channel model to significantly reduce the complexity of the PGA compared to
that considered in the initial paper proposing the method.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to IEEE Signal Processing Letters on 8
March, 201
Conceptual Study of a Real-Time Hybrid Simulation Framework for Monopile Offshore Wind Turbines Under Wind and Wave Loads
As an attractive renewable energy source, offshore wind plants are becoming increasingly popular for energy production. However, the performance assessment of offshore wind turbine (OWT) structure is a challenging task due to the combined wind-wave loading and difficulties in reproducing such loading conditions in laboratory. Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS), combining physical testing and numerical simulation in real-time, offers a new venue to study the structural behavior of OWTs. It overcomes the scaling incompatibilities in OWT scaled model testing by replacing the rotor components with an actuation system, driven by an aerodynamic simulation tool running in real-time. In this study, a RTHS framework for monopile OWTs is proposed. A set of sensitivity analyses is carried out to evaluate the feasibility of this RTHS framework and determine possible tolerances on its design. By simulating different scaling laws and possible error contributors (delays and noises) in the proposed framework, the sensitivity of the OWT responses to these parameters are quantified. An example using a National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) 5-MW reference OWT system at 1:25 scale is simulated in this study to demonstrate the proposed RTHS framework and sensitivity analyses. Three different scaling laws are considered. The sensitivity results show that the delays in the RTHS framework significantly impact the performance on the response evaluation, higher than the impact of noises. The proposed framework and sensitivity analyses presented in this study provides important information for future implementation and further development of the RTHS technology for similar marine structures
Silent Vulnerable Dependency Alert Prediction with Vulnerability Key Aspect Explanation
Due to convenience, open-source software is widely used. For beneficial
reasons, open-source maintainers often fix the vulnerabilities silently,
exposing their users unaware of the updates to threats. Previous works all
focus on black-box binary detection of the silent dependency alerts that suffer
from high false-positive rates. Open-source software users need to analyze and
explain AI prediction themselves. Explainable AI becomes remarkable as a
complementary of black-box AI models, providing details in various forms to
explain AI decisions. Noticing there is still no technique that can discover
silent dependency alert on time, in this work, we propose a framework using an
encoder-decoder model with a binary detector to provide explainable silent
dependency alert prediction. Our model generates 4 types of vulnerability key
aspects including vulnerability type, root cause, attack vector, and impact to
enhance the trustworthiness and users' acceptance to alert prediction. By
experiments with several models and inputs, we confirm CodeBERT with both
commit messages and code changes achieves the best results. Our user study
shows that explainable alert predictions can help users find silent dependency
alert more easily than black-box predictions. To the best of our knowledge,
this is the first research work on the application of Explainable AI in silent
dependency alert prediction, which opens the door of the related domains
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